D’var Torah Yom Kippur
The essence of the Yom Kippur confession is "al ḥet" (for the sins). The word "ḥet" is mentioned forty-four times (and the plural form "ḥataim" an additional nine times).
One of the unique aspects of the Holy Tongue is the exact meaning of its words. Professor Ḥaim Shore, professor emeritus of Ben Gurion University of the Negev's department of industrial engineering and management, who has devoted decades to researching the Holy Tongue, writes that many words in the Holy Tongue are intended to convey messages on the ethical level. This is true of the word "ḥet," whose primary meaning is to miss the target, as Scripture states in describing the army of the Tribe of Benjamin:
There were seven hundred choice men who were left-handed among all these people; all could sling a stone at a hair and not miss. [Judges 20:16]
The essence of a sin "ḥet" is missing the purpose for which we were created: to do the will of God.
In the introduction to "al ḥet," we ask that God "forgive us all our sins (ḥet), grant us atonement for all our iniquities (avone), and forgive and pardon us for all our transgressions (pesha)."
Ḥet avone and pesha are three distinct levels of sin. Malbim, following the axiom that there are no true synonyms in the Holy Tongue, explains that "ḥet" refers to a sin which is unintentional, arising from believing something (forbidden) to be permitted, or from yielding to desire; "avone" is more severe than "ḥet" in being intentional; "pesha" refers to a sin which is not merely intentional, but arises from rebelling against God and removing the yoke of Heaven from oneself.
Malbim's enlightening comments teach a great lesson: even an unintentional sin is a sin; one who truly wishes to fulfill God's will must endeavor to not transgress His will even inadvertently. In truth, one misses his target does not do so intentionally. Moreover, the only way to consistently succeed in hitting one's target is through practice. This is true of hitting the target of fulfilling God's will. (David Magence)
G’mar Chatima Tovah and Chag Sameach
The Va’ad